TSPY_DYRE.EKW

An exploit leveraging CVE-2013-2729 vulnerability leads to the download of this DYREZA malware. This malware is notable for its capability to steal banking and bitcoin information.

To get a one-glance comprehensive view of the behavior of this Spyware, refer to the Threat Diagram shown below.

This spyware may be downloaded from remote sites by other malware.

It connects to certain websites to send and receive information. It deletes itself after execution.

Arrival Details

This spyware may be downloaded from remote site(s) by the following malware:

• TROJ_PIDIEF.LK
• TROJ_PIDIEF.UXL
• TROJ_PIDIEF.YYGA

Installation

This spyware drops the following copies of itself into the affected system and executes them:

• %Windows%\{random file name}.exe (for Windows XP and lower)
• %AppDataLocal%\{random file name}.exe (for Vista and higher)

(Note: %Windows% is the Windows folder, where it usually is C:\Windows on all Windows operating system versions.. %AppDataLocal% is the Application Data folder found in Local Settings, where it is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Application Data on Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003, and Windows XP (32- and 64-bit); C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Local on Windows Vista (32- and 64-bit), Windows 7 (32- and 64-bit), Windows 8 (32- and 64-bit), Windows 8.1 (32- and 64-bit), Windows Server 2008, and Windows Server 2012.)

It drops the following files:

• %System%\config\systemprofile\Application Data\{random file name 2}.vas (for Windows XP and lower)
• %AppDataLocal%\{random file name 3}.vas (for Vista and higher)

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, where it usually is C:\Windows\System32 on all Windows operating system versions.. %AppDataLocal% is the Application Data folder found in Local Settings, where it is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Application Data on Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003, and Windows XP (32- and 64-bit); C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Local on Windows Vista (32- and 64-bit), Windows 7 (32- and 64-bit), Windows 8 (32- and 64-bit), Windows 8.1 (32- and 64-bit), Windows Server 2008, and Windows Server 2012.)

It adds the following mutexes to ensure that only one of its copies runs at any one time:

• Global\1g2hk1hyj

It injects codes into the following process(es):

• explorer.exe

Autostart Technique

This spyware registers itself as a system service to ensure its automatic execution at every system startup by adding the following registry entries:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\googleupdate
ImagePath = "%Windows%\{random file name}.exe"

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\googleupdate
DisplayName = "Google Update Service"

It adds the following registry entries to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
(Default) = "%AppDataLocal%\{random file name}.exe " (for Vista and higher)

It registers as a system service to ensure its automatic execution at every system startup by adding the following registry keys:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\googleupdate(for Windows XP and lower)

Information Theft

This spyware gathers the following data:

• Host Name
• Public IP Address
• OS Version
• User Name

Other Details

This spyware connects to the following URL(s) to check for an Internet connection:

• google.com

It connects to the following URL(s) to get the affected system's IP address:

• http://icanhazip.com

It connects to the following website to send and receive information:

• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.51.224:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.51.224:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.46.50:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.122.128:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.121.205:4443
• {BLOCKED}.105.122.128:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.98.111:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.121.205:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.98.111:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.35.188:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.122.160:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.126.25:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.110.52:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.122.160:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.126.25:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.110.52:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.122.160
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.202.162:4443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.202.162:443
• {BLOCKED}.{BLOCKED}.227.37:443

It deletes itself after execution.

NOTES:

It monitors the following browsers:

• Google Chrome
• Internet Explorer
• Mozilla Firefox

This spyware steals important banking/bitcoin information by injecting malicious codes to bank/bitcoin login webpages with URLs containing any of the following:

• accounts.expresscoin.com/*
• accounts.expresscoin.com/login*
• aibinternetbanking.aib.ie/*
• aibinternetbanking.aib.ie/inet/roi/login.htm*
• alolb1.arbuthnotlatham.co.uk/*
• alolb1.arbuthnotlatham.co.uk/IB/Online*
• anxbtc.com/*
• bank.barclays.co.uk/*
• bank.barclays.co.uk/olb/auth/LoginLink.action*
• banking.ireland-bank.com/*
• banking.ireland-bank.com/IrelandBankOnline_303/Authentication/Login.aspx*
• banking.triodos.co.uk/*
• banking.triodos.co.uk/ib-seam/login.seam*
• bankofirelandlifeonline.ie/*
• bankofirelandlifeonline.ie/homepage.jhtml*
• bitbargain.co.uk/*
• bitbargain.co.uk/login*
• bitpay.com/*
• bitpay.com/merchant-login*
• blockchain.info/*
• blockchain.info/wallet/login*
• bolpp.bankofireland.com/*
• bolpp.bankofireland.com/Commercial/*
• btultra.btrl.ro/*
• btultra.btrl.ro/sign/_mcologon*
• bureau.bottomline.co.uk/*
• bureau.bottomline.co.uk/unity/index.aspx*
• business.co-operativebank.co.uk/*
• business.co-operativebank.co.uk/corp/BANKAWAY*
• business.santander.co.uk/*
• business.santander.co.uk/LGSBBI_NS_ENS/BtoChannelDriver.ssobto*
• business2.danskebank.co.uk/*
• business2.danskebank.co.uk/pub/logon/logon.aspx*
• business2.danskebank.ie/*
• business2.danskebank.ie/pub/logon/logon.aspx*
• businessonline.mutualofomahabank.com/*
• businessonline.mutualofomahabank.com/cb/pages/jsp-ns/login.jsp*
• butterfieldonline.co.uk*
• butterfieldonline.co.uk/*
• cbfm.saas.cashfac.com/*
• cbfm.saas.cashfac.com/cbfm/Logon.aspx*
• cbionline.cbi.ae/*
• cbionline.cbi.ae/bus/security/Welcome.do*
• charisma.btdirect.ro/*
• charisma.btdirect.ro/CharismaWEB/_Public/Login.aspx*
• corporate.adcb.com/*
• corporate.adcb.com/corporateWeb/login.do*
• corporate.metrobankonline.co.uk/*
• corporate.santander.co.uk/*
• corporate.santander.co.uk/LOGSCU_NS_ENS/BtoChannelDriver.bto*
• dashboard.gocoin.com/*
• dashboard.gocoin.com/login*
• e-access.compassbank.com/*
• e-access.compassbank.com/bbw/cmserver/welcome/default/verify.cfm*
• eadibcorp.adib.ae/*
• eadibcorp.adib.ae/cb/servlet/cb/jsp-ns/login.jsp*
• esavings.shawbrook.co.uk/*
• esavings.shawbrook.co.uk/BankFast/Shawbrook*
• fastbanking.bancpost.ro/*
• fastbanking.bancpost.ro/iBankWeb/login.jsp*
• fdonline.co-operativebank.co.uk/*
• fdonline.co-operativebank.co.uk/corp/BANKAWAY*
• fidelitytopeka.btbanking.com/*
• fidelitytopeka.btbanking.com/onlineserv/CM/*
• home1.ybonline.co.uk/*
• home1.ybonline.co.uk/raluV8/reglm-web/login.ctl*
• home2.cybusinessonline.co.uk/*
• home2.cybusinessonline.co.uk/lmgruV8/ceblm-web/login.ctl*
• ht.businessonlinepayroll.com/*
• ht.businessonlinepayroll.com/SPF/login/ee_auth.aspx*
• ib.btrl.ro/*
• ib.btrl.ro/BT24/bfo/channel/web/loginframe.jsp*
• ibank.gtbankuk.com/*
• ibank.gtbankuk.com/Gaps_UK/Default.aspx*
• ibank.reliancebankltd.com/*
• ibank.reliancebankltd.com/logon.aspx*
• ibank.zenith-bank.co.uk/*
• ibank.zenith-bank.co.uk/internetbanking/index.jsp*
• ibb.firsttrustbank1.co.uk/*
• ibb.firsttrustbank1.co.uk/ibb/controller*
• ibusinessbanking.aib.ie/*
• ibusinessbanking.aib.ie/ibb/controller*
• leumionline.bankleumi.co.uk/*
• leumionline.bankleumi.co.uk/my.policy*
• localbitcoins.com/*
• localbitcoins.com/accounts/login*
• login.24banking.ro/*
• login.24banking.ro/casserver/login*
• login.isso.db.com/*
• login.isso.db.com/websso/sso_multi_auth_Logon.sso*
• login.salesforce.com/*
• login.smartbusiness.ae/*
• login.smartbusiness.ae/bo-login.jsp*
• my.sjpbank.co.uk/*
• my.sjpbank.co.uk/Security/Auth/Logon*
• net.crediteurope.ro/*
• net.crediteurope.ro/ibank-cln/do/login/prompt*
• netbanking.mashreqbank.com/*
• netbanking.mashreqbank.com/B001/SMELogin.jsp*
• netbanking.ubluk.com/*
• netbanking.ubluk.com/Login/Index*
• northrimbankonline.btbanking.com/*
• northrimbankonline.btbanking.com/onlineserv/CM/*
• online.adambank.com/*
• online.adambank.com/eBankingAdamLogin/login*
• online.bankofcyprus.co.uk/*
• online.bankofcyprus.co.uk/netteller/login.faces*
• online.coutts.com/*
• online.coutts.com/eBankingCouttsLogin/login*
• online.dib.ae/*
• online.dib.ae/webapplication.ui/localoperations/login/loginpage.aspx*
• online.duncanlawrie.com/*
• online.duncanlawrie.com/InternetBanking/faces/mdi/login.jsp*
• online.ebs.ie/*
• online.ebs.ie/internet/login/index.jsp*
• online.hoaresbank.co.uk/*
• online.hoaresbank.co.uk/fi11512/bb/logon*
• online.kbc.ie/*
• online.kbc.ie/kbc-online/onlinebanking/login*
• online.ybs.co.uk/*
• online.ybs.co.uk/public/authentication/login1.do*
• onlinebusiness.lloydsbank.co.uk/*
• onlinebusiness.lloydsbank.co.uk/business/logon/login.jsp*
• personal.co-operativebank.co.uk/*
• personal.co-operativebank.co.uk/CBIBSWeb/start.do*
• retail.santander.co.uk/*
• retail.santander.co.uk/LOGSUK_NS_ENS/BtoChannelDriver.ssobto*
• ro.unicreditbanking.net/*
• ro.unicreditbanking.net/disp*
• s2b.standardchartered.com/*
• s2b.standardchartered.com/ssoapp/login.jsp*
• safello.com/*
• safello.com/login*
• santander.hpdsc.com/*
• santander.hpdsc.com/main*
• secure.coinjar.com/*
• secure.coinjar.com/users/sign_in*
• secure.handelsbanken.com/*
• secure.handelsbanken.com/bb/glss/servlet/prelogon*
• secure.internetbanking.ro/*
• secure.internetbanking.ro/IBK_SMS/Login/LoginFirstStep.aspx*
• secure.membersaccounts.com/*
• secure.membersaccounts.com/SELFSERVICE/login.aspx*
• secure2.alphabank.ro/*
• secure2.alphabank.ro/corporate/CorpOTPLoginLangRom.jsp*
• webcmpr.bancopopular.com/*
• webcmpr.bancopopular.com/K1*
• www.365online.com/*
• www.365online.com/online365/spring/authentication*
• www.arabi-online.net/*
• www.arabi-online.net/efs/servlet/efs/jsp-ns/login.jsp*
• www.asbolb.com/*
• www.asbolb.com/servlet/ASB.ASBServlet*
• www.barclayswealth.com/*
• www.barclayswealth.com/login/action/logon/unauthenticated/personal/loginDetailsRouting*
• www.bitstamp.net/*
• www.bitstamp.net/account/login*
• www.boi-bol.com/*
• www.boi-bol.com/newHome.jsp*
• www.brdoffice.ro/*
• www.brdoffice.ro/smartoffice/_mcologon*
• www.cardonebanking.com/*
• www.cardonebanking.com/authlogin.aspx*
• www.caterallenonline.co.uk*
• www.caterallenonline.co.uk/*
• www.ceconline.ro/*
• www.ceconline.ro/smartoffice/logon.htm*
• www.coinbase.com/*
• www.coinbase.com/signin*
• www.corporate-clients.commerzbank.com/*
• www.corporate-clients.commerzbank.com/S-Portal/SHTML/cdir2/companydirectportal/pgf.html*
• www.halifax-online.co.uk/*
• www.halifax-online.co.uk/personal/logon/login.jsp*
• www.ingonline.com/*
• www.ingonline.com/ro/!UPR.Dispatcher*
• www.internationalpayments.co.uk/*
• www.investbank.ae/*
• www.investbank.ae/ibank/loginAction.do*
• www.iombankibanking.com/*
• www.iombankibanking.com/eai/IPB_EAI_Web/eai*
• www.kbinternetbanking.com*
• www.kbinternetbanking.com/*
• www.natwestibanking.com/*
• www.natwestibanking.com/eai/IPB_EAI_Web/customerNumber.do*
• www.onlinebanking.iombank.com/*
• www.onlinebanking.iombank.com/default.aspx*
• www.onlinebanking.natwestoffshore.com/*
• www.onlinebanking.natwestoffshore.com/default.aspx*
• www.open24.ie/*
• www.open24.ie/online/login.aspx*
• www.raiffeisenonline.ro/*
• www.raiffeisenonline.ro/eBankingWeb/login*
• www.rbsidigital.com/*
• www.rbsidigital.com/default.aspx*
• www.rbsiibanking.com/*
• www.rbsiibanking.com/ipb/IPB_Client_Web/Start.do*
• www.suntrust.com/*
• www.suntrust.com/portal/server.pt*
• www.svbconnect.com/*
• www.svbconnect.com/auth*
• www1.firstdirect.com/*
• www1.firstdirect.com/1/2/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gDgzAfSycDUy8LAzNDbz8vbzMDKADKR5rFO7s7epiY-wD5YZ6uBp4mTiYGpr5uhgaexmDdFibeBn7enkEuBs4ejiYeHkGGMN0FuaGKAPRSfDc!*
• www1.rbcbankusa.com/*
• www1.rbcbankusa.com/cgi-bin/rbaccess/rbunxcgi*
• www22.bmo.com/*
• www22.bmo.com/ctpauth/CTPEAILogin/CustUserPasswordAuthServlet*

This spyware connects to the following STUN (Session Traversal Utilities for NAT) server in order to determine the public IP address of the compromised computer:

• stun1.voiceeclipse.net
• stun.callwithus.com
• stun.sipgate.net
• stun.ekiga.net
• stun.ideasip.com
• stun.internetcalls.com
• stun.noc.ams-ix.net
• stun.phonepower.com
• stun.voip.aebc.com
• stun.voipbuster.com
• stun.voxgratia.org
• stun.ipshka.com
• stun.faktortel.com.au
• stun.iptel.org
• stun.voipstunt.com
• stunserver.org
• 203.183.172.196:3478
• s1.taraba.net
• s2.taraba.net
• stun.l.google.com:19302
• stun1.l.google.com:19302
• stun2.l.google.com:19302
• stun3.l.google.com:19302
• stun4.l.google.com:19302
• stun.schlund.de
• stun.rixtelecom.se
• stun.voiparound.com
• numb.viagenie.ca
• stun.stunprotocol.org
• stun.2talk.co.nz