Check for Unrestricted PostgreSQL Database Access

01 Sign in to Azure Management Console.

02 Navigate to All resources blade at https://portal.azure.com/#blade/HubsExtension/BrowseAll to access all your Microsoft Azure resources.

03 From the Subscription filter box, select the Azure account subscription that you want to examine.

04 From the Type filter box, select Network security group to list only the security groups available in the selected Azure subscription.

05 Click on the name of the network security group (NSG) that you want to examine.

06 In the navigation panel, under Settings, select Inbound security rules to access the list with the inbound rules defined for the selected security group.

07 On the Inbound security rules page, verify the value available in the SOURCE column for any inbound rule with the PORT set to 5432 and the PROTOCOL set to TCP. If one or more rules have the SOURCE set to Any (i.e. 0.0.0.0/0), the TCP port 5432 (PostgreSQL Database Server) is exposed to the Internet.

08 Repeat steps no. 5 – 7 for each network security group created in the selected subscription.

09 Repeat steps no. 3 – 8 for each subscription available within your Microsoft Azure account.

01 Run network nsg list command (Windows/macOS/Linux) using custom query filters to list the names of all network security groups (and the name of their associated resource groups) available in the current Azure subscription:

az network nsg list
    --output table
    --query '[*].{name:name, resourceGroup:resourceGroup}'

02 The command output should return a table with requested Azure resource information:

Name                    ResourceGroup
----------------------  ------------------------------
cc-postgres-server-nsg  cloud-shell-storage-westeurope
cc-main-app-server-nsg  cloud-shell-storage-westeurope

03 Run az network nsg rule list command (Windows/macOS/Linux) using the name of the Azure network security group (NSG) that you want to examine and its associated resource group as identifier parameters, to describe the PostgreSQL Database Server inbound rule defined for the selected network security group using custom query filters:

az network nsg rule list
    --nsg-name cc-postgres-server-nsg
    --resource-group cloud-shell-storage-westeurope
    --query "[?direction=='Inbound' && access=='Allow' && protocol=='TCP' && destinationPortRange=='5432']"

04 The command output should return the requested security group rule metadata or an empty array, i.e. [], if there are no inbound rules created for TCP port 5432:

[
  {
    "access": "Allow",
    "description": null,
    "destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
    "destinationAddressPrefixes": [],
    "destinationApplicationSecurityGroups": null,
    "destinationPortRange": "5432",
    "destinationPortRanges": [],
    "direction": "Inbound",
    "etag": "W/\"abcdabcd-abcd-abcd-abcd-abcdabcdabcd\"",
    "id": "/subscriptions/abcd1234-abcd-1234-abcd-1234abcd1234/resourceGroups/cloud-shell-storage-westeurope/providers/Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/cc-postgres-server-nsg/securityRules/POSTGRESQL",
    "name": "POSTGRESQL",
    "priority": 400,
    "protocol": "TCP",
    "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
    "resourceGroup": "cloud-shell-storage-westeurope",
    "sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
    "sourceAddressPrefixes": [],
    "sourceApplicationSecurityGroups": null,
    "sourcePortRange": "*",
    "sourcePortRanges": [],
    "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/securityRules"
  }
]

05 Repeat step no. 3 and 4 for each Azure network security group created in the selected subscription.

06 Repeat steps no. 1 – 5 for each subscription available in your Microsoft Azure cloud account.

01 Sign in to Azure Management Console.

02 Navigate to All resources blade at https://portal.azure.com/#blade/HubsExtension/BrowseAll to access all your Microsoft Azure resources.

03 From the Subscription filter box, select the Azure account subscription that you want to access.

04 From the Type filter box, select Network security group to list only the security groups available in the selected Azure subscription.

05 Click on the name of the network security group that you want to reconfigure.

06 In the navigation panel, under Settings, select Inbound security rules to access the list with the inbound rules defined for the selected security group.

07 On the Inbound security rules page, click on the non-compliant security group rule that you want to reconfigure (see Audit section part I to identify the right NSG rule).

08 On the selected security group rule configuration panel, perform the following:

1. Select IP Addresses from the Source dropdown list to allow inbound/ingress traffic on TCP port 5432 from trusted IP addresses only.
2. For Source IP addresses/CIDR ranges, provide the source IP address, IP addresses or IP address ranges that will be allowed to access the Azure resources associated with the selected network security group (NSG). You can specify a single value or comma-separated list of multiple values. An example of multiple values is 192.168.0.3/32, 10.0.0.8/32.
3. Leave the rest of the configuration settings unchanged, then click Save to apply the changes.

09 Repeat steps no. 5 – 8 for each network security group that allows unrestricted inbound access on TCP port 5432 (PostgreSQL Database Server), available in the selected Azure subscription.

10 Repeat steps no. 3 – 9 for each subscription created in your Microsoft Azure cloud account.

01 Run network nsg rule update command (Windows/macOS/Linux) using the name of the network security group rule that you want to reconfigure as identifier parameter (see Audit section part II to identify the right NSG rule) to restrict inbound/ingress access on TCP port 5432 to trusted IP address(es) only by setting the --source-address-prefixes parameter to the IP address, IP addresses or IP address ranges that are allowed to access the Azure resources associated with the selected network security group (NSG). You can specify a single value or a space-separated list of multiple values:

az network nsg rule update
    --name POSTGRESQL
    --nsg-name cc-postgres-server-nsg
    --resource-group cloud-shell-storage-westeurope
    --source-address-prefixes 10.0.0.8/32

02 The command output should return the metadata for the reconfigured Azure NSG rule:

{
  "access": "Allow",
  "description": null,
  "destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
  "destinationAddressPrefixes": [],
  "destinationApplicationSecurityGroups": null,
  "destinationPortRange": "5432",
  "destinationPortRanges": [],
  "direction": "Inbound",
 
  ...
 
  "name": "POSTGRESQL",
  "priority": 400,
  "protocol": "TCP",
  "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
  "resourceGroup": "cloud-shell-storage-westeurope",
  "sourceAddressPrefix": "",
  "sourceAddressPrefixes": "10.0.0.8/32",
  "sourcePortRange": "*",
  "sourcePortRanges": [],
  "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/securityRules"
}

03 Repeat step no. 1 and 2 for each network security group (NSG) that allows unrestricted inbound/ingress access on TCP port 5432 (PostgreSQL Database), available in the current subscription.

04 Repeat steps no. 1 – 3 for each subscription created in your Microsoft Azure cloud account.