Analysis by: John Rainier Navato

ALIASES:

Win32:Buzus-AOG (AVAST)

 PLATFORM:

Windows

 OVERALL RISK RATING:
 DAMAGE POTENTIAL:
 DISTRIBUTION POTENTIAL:
 REPORTED INFECTION:
 INFORMATION EXPOSURE:

  • Threat Type: Worm

  • Destructiveness: No

  • Encrypted: No

  • In the wild: Yes

  OVERVIEW

Infection Channel: Downloaded from the Internet, Dropped by other malware

This Worm arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

It drops an AUTORUN.INF file to automatically execute the copies it drops when a user accesses the drives of an affected system.

It connects to Internet Relay Chat (IRC) servers. However, as of this writing, the said sites are inaccessible.

It gathers certain information on the affected computer.

It connects to certain websites to send and receive information.

  TECHNICAL DETAILS

File Size: 119,336 bytes
File Type: EXE
Memory Resident: Yes
Initial Samples Received Date: 04 Dec 2024
Payload: Connects to URLs/IPs, Drops files, Modifies system registry, Collects system information

Arrival Details

This Worm arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.

Installation

This Worm drops a copy of itself in the following folders using different file names:

  • If OS is Windows XP or older:
    • %ProgramFiles%\CommonFiles\AdobeARM.exe → File attribute is set to system, hidden, readonly
  • If OS is Windows 7 or newer:
    • %Application Data%\AdobeARM.exe → File attribute is set to system, hidden, readonly
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER\{SID}\Autorunme.scr → File attribute is set to system, hidden, readonly

(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 2000(32-bit), XP, and Server 2003(32-bit), or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista, 7, 8, 8.1, 2008(64-bit), 2012(64-bit) and 10(64-bit).)

It drops the following files:

  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER\{SID}\Desktop.ini → File attribute is set to system, hidden, read only
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\autorun.inf → File attribute is set to system, hidden, read only

It adds the following processes:

  • If OS is Windows XP or older:
    • %ProgramFiles%\CommonFiles\AdobeARM.exe {Malware PID} {Malware File Path}\{Malware File Name}
  • If OS is Windows 7 or newer:
    • %Application Data%\AdobeARM.exe {Malware PID} {Malware File Path}\{Malware File Name}

(Note: %Application Data% is the current user's Application Data folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Application Data on Windows 2000(32-bit), XP, and Server 2003(32-bit), or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista, 7, 8, 8.1, 2008(64-bit), 2012(64-bit) and 10(64-bit).)

It creates the following folders with attributes set to System and Hidden to prevent users from discovering and removing its components:

  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER\{SID}

It adds the following mutexes to ensure that only one of its copies runs at any one time:

  • routerpccw
  • pccwstormlite
  • pccwlite

Autostart Technique

This Worm adds the following registry entries to enable its automatic execution at every system startup:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run (If OS is Windows XP or older)
Adobe ARMS = %ProgramFiles%\CommonFiles\AdobeARM.exe

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run (If OS is Windows 7 or newer)
Adobe ARMS = %Application Data%\AdobeARM.exe

Other System Modifications

This Worm modifies the following file(s):

  • If OS is Windows XP or older:
    • %System%\drivers\tcpip.sys

(Note: %System% is the Windows system folder, where it usually is C:\Windows\System32 on all Windows operating system versions.)

It adds the following registry entries as part of its installation routine:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Run (If OS is Windows XP or older)
Patches = 1

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\
FirewallPolicy\StandardProfile\AuthorizedApplications\
List (If OS is Windows XP or older)
%Program Files%\Common Files\AdobeARM.exe = %Program Files%\Common Files\AdobeARM.exe:*:Enabled:Adobe ARMS

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\Tcpip\Parameters (If OS is Windows XP or older)
TcpNumConnections = 0x00FFFFFE

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Services\Dnscache\Parameters (If OS is Windows XP or older)
MaxCacheTtl = 0x00000708

It modifies the following registry entries:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\
Explorer (If OS is Windows XP or older)
NoFolderOptions = 1

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 0.)

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\
Explorer (If OS is Windows XP or older)
NoRun = 1

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 0.)

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\
Explorer (If OS is Windows XP or older)
NoFolderOptions = 1

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 0.)

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\
Explorer (If OS is Windows XP or older)
NoRun = 1

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 0.)

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Advanced (If OS is Windows XP or older)
Hidden = 2

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 1.)

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Advanced (If OS is Windows XP or older)
ShowSuperHidden = 0

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 1.)

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Advanced (If OS is Windows XP or older)
SuperHidden = 0

(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 1.)

Propagation

This Worm drops an AUTORUN.INF file to automatically execute the copies it drops when a user accesses the drives of an affected system.

The said .INF file contains the following strings:

[autorun]
{garbage code}
USEAUTOPLAY=1
open=RECYCLER\{SID}\autorunme.scr
{garbage code}
action=Open folder to view files
{garbage code}
shell\open=Open
shell\open\command=RECYCLER\{SID}\autorunme.scr
shell\open\default=1
{garbage code}

Backdoor Routine

This Worm connects to any of the following Internet Relay Chat (IRC) servers:

  • tcp://{BLOCKED}opto.org:7562

However, as of this writing, the said sites are inaccessible.

It accesses a remote Internet Relay Chat (IRC) server where it receives the following commands from a remote malicious user:

  • USER
  • NICK
  • PING
  • PONG
  • JOIN
  • PRIVMSG
  • MODE
  • KICK
  • QUIT
  • PART

Rootkit Capabilities

This Worm does not have rootkit capabilities.

Information Theft

This Worm gathers the following information on the affected computer:

  • OS version
  • Computer name
  • Locale Info

Other Details

This Worm connects to the following website to send and receive information:

  • tcp://{BLOCKED}.0:71

It does the following:

  • It terminates itself if the following checks if it is running in a sandbox or virtual environment is successful:
    • Loads sbiedll.dll.
    • Checks if username is CurrentUser.
    • Execute an instruction that will raise an exception in virtual machines.
  • It terminates itself if it detects that it is being debugged.
  • It injects code into explorer.exe that will start the malware if it is terminated.
  • Based on code analysis, it has the capability to download files from its server and terminate processes.

NOTES:

It does not exploit any vulnerability.

  SOLUTION

Minimum Scan Engine: 9.800
FIRST VSAPI PATTERN FILE: 19.772.03
FIRST VSAPI PATTERN DATE: 12 Dec 2024
VSAPI OPR PATTERN File: 19.773.00
VSAPI OPR PATTERN Date: 13 Dec 2024

Step 1

Before doing any scans, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows 10 users must disable System Restore to allow full scanning of their computers.

Step 2

Note that not all files, folders, and registry keys and entries are installed on your computer during this malware's/spyware's/grayware's execution. This may be due to incomplete installation or other operating system conditions. If you do not find the same files/folders/registry information, please proceed to the next step.

Step 3

Restart in Safe Mode

[ Learn More ]

Step 4

Delete this registry value

[ Learn More ]

Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

 
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
    • Adobe ARMS = %ProgramFiles%\CommonFiles\AdobeARM.exe
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
    • Adobe ARMS = %Application Data%\AdobeARM.exe
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
    • Patches = 1
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\FirewallPolicy\StandardProfile\AuthorizedApplications\List
    • %Program Files%\Common Files\AdobeARM.exe = %Program Files%\Common Files\AdobeARM.exe:*:Enabled:Adobe ARMS
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters
    • TcpNumConnections = 0x00FFFFFE
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters
    • MaxCacheTtl = 0x00000708
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters
    • MaxNegativeCacheTtl = 0

Step 5

Restore these modified registry values

[ Learn More ]

Important:Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this only if you know how to or you can seek your system administrator's help. You may also check out this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.

  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
    • From: NoFolderOptions    = “1”
      To: NoFolderOptions = “0”
  • In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
    • From: NoRun = “1”
      To: NoRun = “0”
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
    • From: NoFolderOptions = “1”
      To: NoFolderOptions = “0”
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
    • From: NoRun = “1”
      To: NoRun = “0”
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced
    • From: Hidden = 2
      To: Hidden = “1”
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced
    • From: ShowSuperHidden = “0”
      To: ShowSuperHidden = “1”
  • In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced
    • From: SuperHidden = “0”
      To: SuperHidden = “1”

Step 6

Search and delete these folders

[ Learn More ]
Please make sure you check the Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the More advanced options option to include all hidden folders in the search result.
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER\{SID}
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER

Step 7

Search and delete AUTORUN.INF files created by Worm.Win32.IRCBOT.SDY that contain these strings

[ Learn More ]

[autorun]
{garbage code}
USEAUTOPLAY=1
open=RECYCLER\{SID}\autorunme.scr
{garbage code}
action=Open folder to view files
{garbage code}
shell\open=Open
shell\open\command=RECYCLER\{SID}\autorunme.scr
shell\open\default=1
{garbage code}

Step 8

Search and delete these files

[ Learn More ]
There may be some files that are hidden. Please make sure you check the Search Hidden Files and Folders checkbox in the "More advanced options" option to include all hidden files and folders in the search result.
  • %ProgramFiles%\CommonFiles\AdobeARM.exe
  • %Application Data%\AdobeARM.exe
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER\{SID}\Autorunme.scr
  • {Removable or Remote Drive}\RECYCLER\{SID}\Desktop.ini

Step 9

Restart in normal mode and scan your computer with your Trend Micro product for files detected as Worm.Win32.IRCBOT.SDY. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.

Step 10

Restore this file from backup only Microsoft-related files will be restored. If this malware/grayware also deleted files related to programs that are not from Microsoft, please reinstall those programs on you computer again.

  • %System%\drivers\tcpip.sys (If OS is Windows XP or older)

Step 11

Scan your computer with your Trend Micro product to delete files detected as Worm.Win32.IRCBOT.SDY. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check the following Trend Micro Support pages for more information:


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