SPYW_EXFRIENDER
Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003
Threat Type: Spyware
Destructiveness: No
Encrypted:
In the wild: Yes
OVERVIEW
This spyware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.
TECHNICAL DETAILS
1,543,648 bytes
EXE
No
21 Aug 2013
Arrival Details
This spyware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or as a file downloaded unknowingly by users when visiting malicious sites.
Installation
This spyware creates the following folders:
- %System Root%\DOCUME~1
- %System Root%\DOCUME~1\Wilbert
- %User Profile%\LOCALS~1
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Chrome
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome\content
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\IE
- %System Root%\Documents and Settings\Wilbert
- %User Profile%\Application Data\Mozilla
- %User Profile%\Mozilla\Firefox
- %User Profile%\Firefox\extensions
- %User Profile%\extensions\support@spyalertapp.com
- %User Profile%\support@spyalertapp.com\chrome
- %User Profile%\chrome\content
Autostart Technique
This spyware registers itself as a BHO to ensure its automatic execution every time Internet Explorer is used by adding the following registry keys:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Browser Helper Objects\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
Other System Modifications
This spyware deletes the following files:
- %User Temp%\nsn1.tmp
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp
(Note: %User Temp% is the current user's Temp folder, which is usually C:\Documents and Settings\{user name}\Local Settings\Temp on Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003, or C:\Users\{user name}\AppData\Local\Temp on Windows Vista and 7.)
It adds the following registry keys:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\DynConIE
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\
Ext
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\
Ext\CLSID
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Internet Explorer\MAO Settings
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\
Chrome\Extensions\igjjkeeamkpihpncmmbgdkhdnjpcfmfb
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
AppID\{384997EE-E3BE-49C4-9ECA-C62B7C08128A}
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
AppID\DynConIE.DLL
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\DynConIE.DynConIEObject.1
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
DynConIE.DynConIEObject.1\CLSID
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\DynConIE.DynConIEObject
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
DynConIE.DynConIEObject\CLSID
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
DynConIE.DynConIEObject\CurVer
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\ProgID
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\VersionIndependentProgID
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\Programmable
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\InprocServer32
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\TypeLib
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0\
FLAGS
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0\
0
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0\
0\win32
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0\
HELPDIR
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}\ProxyStubClsid
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}\ProxyStubClsid32
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}\TypeLib
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows Script\Settings
It adds the following registry entries:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\DynConIE
cid = "d51c845d2d4e4bd3"
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\DynConIE
id = "d51c845d2d4e4bd3ac785136aebe0514"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
DisplayIcon = "%Program Files%\SpyAlert\SpyAlert.ico"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
DisplayName = "Spy Alert"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
Publisher = "Long Mile Solutions, LLC"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
HelpLink = "http://www.{BLOCKED}rtapp.com/about.html"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
DisplayVersion = "2.6.20"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
UninstallString = "%Program Files%\SpyAlert\uninstall.exe /kb=y"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
EstimatedSize = "451"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
SpyAlert
InstallDate = "20130614"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\
Ext
ListBox_Support_CLSID = "1"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\
Ext\CLSID
{FED6A736-129B-49C7-857E-25FC91E87DB3} = "1"
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Internet Explorer\MAO Settings
AddonLoadTimeThreshold = "3e8"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\
Chrome\Extensions\igjjkeeamkpihpncmmbgdkhdnjpcfmfb
version = "2.6.20"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\
Chrome\Extensions\igjjkeeamkpihpncmmbgdkhdnjpcfmfb
path = "%Program Files%\SpyAlert\Chrome\common.crx"
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Internet Explorer\MAO Settings
AddonLoadTimeThreshold = "271"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
AppID\DynConIE.DLL
AppID = "{384997EE-E3BE-49C4-9ECA-C62B7C08128A}"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\InprocServer32
ThreadingModel = "Apartment"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\
Browser Helper Objects\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
NoExplorer = "1"
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\
Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}\TypeLib
Version = "1.0"
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\DynConIE
ver = "2.6.20628"
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows Script\Settings
JITDebug = "0"
It modifies the following registry entries:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\
Zones\3
1609 = "0"
(Note: The default value data of the said registry entry is 1.)
It deletes the following registry keys:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\
Internet Explorer\ApprovedExtensionsMigration
Dropping Routine
This spyware drops the following files:
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\System.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\modern-wizard.bmp
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\inetc.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\response.txt
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\nsDialogs.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\Processes.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\KillProcWMI.dll
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\SpyAlert.ico
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Chrome\common.crx
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome.manifest
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\install.rdf
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome\content\main.js
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome\content\overlay.xul
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\IE\common.dll
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Uninstall.exe
- %User Profile%\support@spyalertapp.com\chrome.manifest
- %User Profile%\support@spyalertapp.com\install.rdf
- %User Profile%\content\main.js
- %User Profile%\content\overlay.xul
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\util_ex.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\version.dll
Other Details
This spyware connects to the following possibly malicious URL:
- http://s.{BLOCKED}rtapp.com/InsertInstallNotice3.ashx?{random characters}
This report is generated via an automated analysis system.
SOLUTION
9.300
Step 1
Before doing any scans, Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7 users must disable System Restore to allow full scanning of their computers.
Step 2
Close all opened browser windows
Step 3
Delete this registry key
Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE
- DynConIE
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall
- SpyAlert
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies
- Ext
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Ext
- CLSID
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer
- MAO Settings
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\Chrome\Extensions
- igjjkeeamkpihpncmmbgdkhdnjpcfmfb
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\AppID
- {384997EE-E3BE-49C4-9ECA-C62B7C08128A}
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\AppID
- DynConIE.DLL
- In HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
- DynConIE.DynConIEObject.1
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\DynConIE.DynConIEObject.1
- CLSID
- In HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
- DynConIE.DynConIEObject
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\DynConIE.DynConIEObject
- CLSID
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\DynConIE.DynConIEObject
- CurVer
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID
- {44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- ProgID
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- VersionIndependentProgID
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- Programmable
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- InprocServer32
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- TypeLib
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib
- {781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}
- 1.0
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0
- FLAGS
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0
- 0
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0\0
- win32
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib\{781CA792-9B6E-400B-B36F-15C097D2CA54}\1.0
- HELPDIR
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface
- {2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}
- ProxyStubClsid
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}
- ProxyStubClsid32
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}
- TypeLib
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows Script
- Settings
Step 4
Delete this registry value
Important: Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this step only if you know how or you can ask assistance from your system administrator. Else, check this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\DynConIE
- cid = "d51c845d2d4e4bd3"
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\DynConIE
- id = "d51c845d2d4e4bd3ac785136aebe0514"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- DisplayIcon = "%Program Files%\SpyAlert\SpyAlert.ico"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- DisplayName = "Spy Alert"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- Publisher = "Long Mile Solutions, LLC"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- HelpLink = "http://www.{BLOCKED}rtapp.com/about.html"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- DisplayVersion = "2.6.20"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- UninstallString = "%Program Files%\SpyAlert\uninstall.exe /kb=y"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- EstimatedSize = "451"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\SpyAlert
- InstallDate = "20130614"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\Ext
- ListBox_Support_CLSID = "1"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\Ext\CLSID
- {FED6A736-129B-49C7-857E-25FC91E87DB3} = "1"
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAO Settings
- AddonLoadTimeThreshold = "3e8"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\Chrome\Extensions\igjjkeeamkpihpncmmbgdkhdnjpcfmfb
- version = "2.6.20"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\Chrome\Extensions\igjjkeeamkpihpncmmbgdkhdnjpcfmfb
- path = "%Program Files%\SpyAlert\Chrome\common.crx"
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAO Settings
- AddonLoadTimeThreshold = "271"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\AppID\DynConIE.DLL
- AppID = "{384997EE-E3BE-49C4-9ECA-C62B7C08128A}"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}\InprocServer32
- ThreadingModel = "Apartment"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Browser Helper Objects\{44ed99e2-16a6-4b89-80d6-5b21cf42e78b}
- NoExplorer = "1"
- In HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Interface\{2830488C-079B-45C2-88B6-AFE4EAA2DF85}\TypeLib
- Version = "1.0"
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\DynConIE
- ver = "2.6.20628"
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows Script\Settings
- JITDebug = "0"
Step 5
Restore these modified registry values
Important:Editing the Windows Registry incorrectly can lead to irreversible system malfunction. Please do this only if you know how to or you can seek your system administrator's help. You may also check out this Microsoft article first before modifying your computer's registry.
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Zones\3
- From: 1609 = "0"
To: 1609 = ""1""
- From: 1609 = "0"
Step 6
Search and delete these components
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\System.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\modern-wizard.bmp
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\inetc.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\response.txt
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\nsDialogs.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\Processes.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\KillProcWMI.dll
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\SpyAlert.ico
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Chrome\common.crx
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome.manifest
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\install.rdf
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome\content\main.js
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome\content\overlay.xul
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\IE\common.dll
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Uninstall.exe
- %User Profile%\support@spyalertapp.com\chrome.manifest
- %User Profile%\support@spyalertapp.com\install.rdf
- %User Profile%\content\main.js
- %User Profile%\content\overlay.xul
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\util_ex.dll
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp\version.dll
Step 7
Search and delete these folders
- %System Root%\DOCUME~1
- %System Root%\DOCUME~1\Wilbert
- %User Profile%\LOCALS~1
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Chrome
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\Firefox\chrome\content
- %Program Files%\SpyAlert\IE
- %System Root%\Documents and Settings\Wilbert
- %User Profile%\Application Data\Mozilla
- %User Profile%\Mozilla\Firefox
- %User Profile%\Firefox\extensions
- %User Profile%\extensions\support@spyalertapp.com
- %User Profile%\support@spyalertapp.com\chrome
- %User Profile%\chrome\content
Step 8
Scan your computer with your Trend Micro product to delete files detected as SPYW_EXFRIENDER. If the detected files have already been cleaned, deleted, or quarantined by your Trend Micro product, no further step is required. You may opt to simply delete the quarantined files. Please check this Knowledge Base page for more information.
Step 9
Restore this file from backup only Microsoft-related files will be restored. If this malware/grayware also deleted files related to programs that are not from Microsoft, please reinstall those programs on you computer again.
- %User Temp%\nsn1.tmp
- %User Temp%\nsc3.tmp
Step 10
Restore these deleted registry keys/values from backup
*Note: Only Microsoft-related keys/values will be restored. If the malware/grayware also deleted registry keys/values related to programs that are not from Microsoft, please reinstall those programs on your computer.
- In HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer
- ApprovedExtensionsMigration
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