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Monitor JIT Network Access

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Risk Level: High (not acceptable risk)
Rule ID: SecurityCenter-012

Ensure that Just-In-Time (JIT) network access monitoring is enabled within your Microsoft Azure cloud account so that Microsoft Defender for Cloud can assess if JIT network access is enabled for your eligible VMs. Just-In-Time (JIT) network access can be used to lock down inbound traffic to your Azure VMs, reducing exposure to different types of attacks while providing easy access to your virtual machines when needed.

This rule resolution is part of the Conformity Security & Compliance tool for Azure.

Security

JIT network access can lock down inbound traffic to your Azure VMs by creating a Network Security Group (NSG) where you select the ports to which inbound traffic will be restricted. This method can be extremely useful for reducing exposure to external attacks. With JIT network access monitoring enabled, Microsoft Defender for Cloud can determine if Just-In-Time network access is enabled for your Azure virtual machines and make the proper access security recommendations.

Audit

To determine if the monitoring of network just-in-time access is enabled within the Microsoft Defender for Cloud security policy, perform the following operations:

Using Azure Console

01 Sign in to the Microsoft Azure Portal.

02 Navigate to Microsoft Defender for Cloud blade at https://portal.azure.com/#blade/Microsoft_Azure_Security/SecurityMenuBlade/0.

03 In the main navigation panel, under Management, choose Environment settings.

04 Click on the name (link) of the Azure subscription that you want to examine.

05 In the navigation panel, under Policy settings, choose Security policy.

06 In the Default initiative section, click on the name of the default initiative enabled for the selected subscription (i.e. ASC Default (subscription: <subscription-id>)).

07 Choose the Parameters tab, uncheck Only show parameters that need input or review, and search for the following parameter: Management ports of virtual machines should be protected with just-in-time network access control. If the Management ports of virtual machines should be protected with just-in-time network access control parameter is set to Disabled, the JIT network access monitoring is not enabled for the Azure virtual machines (VMs) provisioned in the selected subscription.

08 Repeat steps no. 4 – 7 for each Microsoft Azure subscription created within your Azure account.

Using Azure CLI and PowerShell

01 Run account get-access-token command (Windows/macOS/Linux) using custom query filters to determine if the monitoring of network just-in-time access is enabled within the current Azure subscription by checking the jitNetworkAccessMonitoringEffect configuration parameter value: 

az account get-access-token
  --query "{subscription:subscription,accessToken:accessToken}"
  --out tsv | xargs -L1 bash -c 'curl -X GET -H "Authorization: Bearer $1" -H "Content-Type: application/json" https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$0/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyAssignments/SecurityCenterBuiltIn?api-version=2018-05-01' | jq 'select(.name=="SecurityCenterBuiltIn")'|jq '.properties.parameters.jitNetworkAccessMonitoringEffect.value'

02 The command output should return the requested parameter value: 

"Disabled"

If the account get-access-token command output returns "Disabled", as shown in the output example above, the JIT network access monitoring is not enabled for the Azure virtual machines (VMs) provisioned within the current subscription.

03 Repeat steps no. 1 and 2 for each Microsoft Azure subscription available in your Azure cloud account.

Remediation / Resolution

To enable Just-In-Time (JIT) network access monitoring for your Microsoft Azure virtual machines (VMs), perform the following operations:

Using Azure Console

01 Sign in to the Microsoft Azure Portal.

02 Navigate to Microsoft Defender for Cloud blade at https://portal.azure.com/#blade/Microsoft_Azure_Security/SecurityMenuBlade/0.

03 In the main navigation panel, under Management, choose Environment settings.

04 Click on the name (link) of the Azure subscription that you want to access.

05 In the navigation panel, under Policy settings, choose Security policy.

06 In the Default initiative section, click on the name of the default initiative enabled for the selected subscription (i.e. ASC Default (subscription: <subscription-id>)).

07 Choose the Parameters tab and uncheck the Only show parameters that need input or review checkbox to list all the initiative parameters.

08 Select AuditIfNotExists from the Management ports of virtual machines should be protected with just-in-time network access control parameter dropdown list to enable Just-In-Time (JIT) network access monitoring for all the virtual machines (VMs) running in the selected Azure subscription.

09 Select Review + save to review the configuration changes, then choose Save to apply the new changes. If the operation is successful, the following confirmation message should be displayed: "Updating policy assignment succeeded".

10 Repeat steps no. 4 – 9 for each Microsoft Azure subscription available within your Azure account.

Using Azure CLI and PowerShell

01 Define the configuration parameters for the account get-access-token command, where the jitNetworkAccessMonitoringEffect parameter is enabled to turn on the monitoring feature. Save the configuration document to a JSON file named enable-jit-network-access-monitoring.json and replace the highlighted details, i.e. <azure-subscription-id> and <policy-definition-id>, with your own Azure account subscription details: 

{
  "properties":{
     "displayName":"ASC Default (subscription: <azure-subscription-id>)",
     "policyDefinitionId":"/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policySetDefinitions/<policy-definition-id>",
     "scope":"/subscriptions/<azure-subscription-id>",
     "parameters":{
        "jitNetworkAccessMonitoringEffect":{
           "value":"AuditIfNotExists"
        }
     }
  },
  "id":"/subscriptions/<azure-subscription-id>/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyAssignments/SecurityCenterBuiltIn",
  "type":"Microsoft.Authorization/policyAssignments",
  "name":"SecurityCenterBuiltIn",
  "location":"eastus"
}

02 Run account get-access-token command (Windows/macOS/Linux) using the configuration document defined at the previous step (i.e. enable-jit-network-access-monitoring.json file), to enable Just-In-Time network access monitoring for all the Microsoft Azure virtual machines (VMs) running within the current subscription: 

az account get-access-token
  --query "{subscription:subscription,accessToken:accessToken}"
  --out tsv | xargs -L1 bash -c 'curl -X PUT -H "Authorization: Bearer $1" -H "Content-Type: application/json" https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$0/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyAssignments/SecurityCenterBuiltIn?api-version=2018-05-01 -d@"enable-jit-network-access-monitoring.json"'

03 The command output should return information about the modified configuration parameter: 

{
  "sku": {
    "name": "A0",
    "tier": "Free"
  },
  "properties": {
    "displayName": "ASC Default (subscription: abcdabcd-1234-1234-1234-abcdabcdabcd)",
    "policyDefinitionId": "/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policySetDefinitions/1234abcd-1234-1234-1234-abcd1234abcd",
    "scope": "/subscriptions/abcdabcd-1234-1234-1234-abcdabcdabcd",
    "parameters": {
      "jitNetworkAccessMonitoringEffect": {
        "value": "AuditIfNotExists"
      }
    },
    "metadata": {
      "createdBy": "abcdabcd-1234-1234-1234-abcdabcdabcd",
      "createdOn": "2019-05-17T15:38:40.3473931Z",
      "updatedBy": "1234abcd-1234-1234-1234-abcd1234abcd",
      "updatedOn": "2022-02-01T21:22:40.7422203Z"
    }
  },
  "id": "/subscriptions/abcdabcd-1234-1234-1234-abcdabcdabcd/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyAssignments/SecurityCenterBuiltIn",
  "type": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyAssignments",
  "name": "SecurityCenterBuiltIn",
  "location": "eastus"
}

04 Repeat steps no. 1 – 3 for each Microsoft Azure subscription available in your Azure cloud account.

References

Publication date May 31, 2019

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Monitor JIT Network Access

Risk Level: High